| Cell Type / Lineage |
Key Biomarkers |
Method of Detection |
Functional Significance in Culture |
| Intestinal Stem Cells |
LGR5 |
qPCR, Reporter Imaging |
Crucial for checking self-renewal & stemness maintenance. |
| Intestinal Differentiation |
CDX2 |
qPCR |
Confirms commitment to intestinal lineage. |
| Paneth Cells |
Lysozyme |
ICC, IHC |
Indicates support for the stem cell crypt niche. |
| Enterocytes |
Villin, EPCAM |
ICC, IHC |
Verifies the presence of absorptive epithelial cells. |
| Goblet Cells |
MUC2 |
ICC, IHC |
Validates mucus-secreting lineage differentiation. |
| Enteroendocrine Cells |
Somatostatin, Chromogranin A |
ICC, IHC |
Confirms hormone-secreting enteroendocrine lineage. |
| Epithelial Structure |
E-cadherin |
ICC, IHC |
Demonstrates cell-to-cell adhesion and barrier integrity. |
| Proliferating Cells |
Ki-67 |
ICC, IHC |
Assesses active cell cycle and expansion velocity. |